| Vectors independents |
|
Si dos vectors són linealment dependents els seus components són proporcionals: «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨14px¨»«mrow»«mfrac mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«/mfrac»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»=«/mo»«mfrac mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«/mfrac»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#8660;«/mo»«msub mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#183;«/mo»«msub mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»-«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«msub mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#183;«/mo»«msub mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»=«/mo»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»0«/mn»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» Si és zero, són dependents. Sinó, són independents.
|
| Vectors |
| a) «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»2«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»3«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»4«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» |
| b) «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»2«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»3«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»4«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» |
a) #G1 b) #G2
]]>a) #s1
b) #s2
]]>| Vectors |
| a) (#a1, #a2) i (#a3, #a4) |
| b) (#b1, #b2) i (#b3, #b4) |
| c) (#c1, #c2) i (#c3, #c4) |
| d) (#d1, #d2) i (#d3, #d4) |
a) #G1
b) #G2
c) #G3
d) #G4
]]>a) #s1
b) #s2
c) #s3
d) #s4
]]>| Vectors independents (pendent) |
|
Si dos vectors són linealment dependents tenen el mateix pendent ja que els seus components són proporcionals. |
| Vectors |
| a) «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»2«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»3«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»4«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» |
| b) «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»2«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»3«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»4«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» |
a) #G1 b) #G2
]]>a) #pa1 i #pa2
b) #pb1 i #pb2
| Vectors generadors |
|
Si dos vectors són generadors els seus components NO són proporcionals. Es calcula el seu determinant «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mfenced mathcolor=¨#003300¨ open=¨|¨ close=¨|¨»«mtable»«mtr»«mtd»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«/mtd»«mtd»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«/mtd»«/mtr»«mtr»«mtd»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«/mtd»«mtd»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«/mtd»«/mtr»«/mtable»«/mfenced»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»=«/mo»«msub mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#183;«/mo»«msub mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»-«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«msub mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#183;«/mo»«msub mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«/math» Si NO és zero, són generadors. Si és zero, no ho són. EN EL PLA, SI 2 VECTORS SÓN INDEPENDENTS, SÓN GENERADORS |
| Vectors |
| a) «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»2«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»3«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»4«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» |
| b) «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»2«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»3«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»4«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» |
a) #G1 b) #G2
]]>«math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mover mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»u«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#8594;«/mo»«/mover»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»§#160;«/mo»«mover mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»v«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#8594;«/mo»«/mover»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»en«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨»blau«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#FF0000¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#FF0000¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#FF0000¨»§#160;«/mo»«mover mathcolor=¨#FF0000¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»w«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#8594;«/mo»«/mover»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#FF0000¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#FF0000¨»en«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#FF0000¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#FF0000¨»vermell«/mi»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math»
]]>«math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfenced mathcolor=¨#0000FF¨ open=¨{¨ close=¨}¨»«mtable»«mtr»«mtd»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»x«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#183;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»x«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»+«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»y«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#183;«/mo»«mfenced»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»x«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«/mtd»«mtd»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»=«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»a«/mi»«/mtd»«/mtr»«mtr»«mtd»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»x«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#183;«/mo»«mfenced»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»y«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»+«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»y«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#183;«/mo»«mfenced»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»y«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«/mtd»«mtd»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»=«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»b«/mi»«/mtd»«/mtr»«/mtable»«/mfenced»«/mstyle»«/math»
per trobar els coeficients de la combinació lineal
]]>
| Bases de l'espai vectorial |
|
Si dos vectors són linealment independents i generadors són base del pla En el pla, dos vectors independents són base, ja que són generadors. |
| Vectors |
| a) «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»2«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»3«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»a«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»4«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» |
| b) «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mrow»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»2«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»(«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»3«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»#«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»b«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»4«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»)«/mo»«/mrow»«/mstyle»«/math» |
a) #G1 b) #G2
]]>a) #s1
b) #s2
També pots comparar els pendents per saber si són independents i, per tant, base.
]]>| Canvi de base (I) |
|
Per trobar els components d'un vector (a,b) en una base qualsevol «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfenced open=¨{¨ close=¨}¨»«mrow»«mfenced»«mrow»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»,«/mo»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»u«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»,«/mo»«mfenced»«mrow»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/msub»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»,«/mo»«msub»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»v«/mi»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»2«/mn»«/msub»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«/mstyle»«/math»cal resoldre: |
Format: [-3,2] enters o fraccions simplificades
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i has de resoldre el sistema.
]]>| Canvi de base (II) |
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quins components té en la base canònica «math xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfenced mathcolor=¨#003300¨ open=¨{¨ close=¨}¨»«mrow»«mover»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#8594;«/mo»«/mover»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»,«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#160;«/mo»«mover»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»j«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#8594;«/mo»«/mover»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«mo mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»amb«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mover mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#8594;«/mo»«/mover»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»=«/mo»«mfenced mathcolor=¨#003300¨ open=¨[¨ close=¨]¨»«mrow»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»,«/mo»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»0«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#160;«/mo»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»i«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»§#160;«/mo»«mover mathcolor=¨#003300¨»«mi mathvariant=¨bold¨»j«/mi»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»§#8594;«/mo»«/mover»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨ mathcolor=¨#003300¨»=«/mo»«mfenced mathcolor=¨#003300¨ open=¨[¨ close=¨]¨»«mrow»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»0«/mn»«mo mathvariant=¨bold¨»,«/mo»«mn mathvariant=¨bold¨»1«/mn»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«/mstyle»«/math»?
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